Georgia has become one of the most accessible and attractive countries in Eastern Europe for foreign property investors. With its investor-friendly policies, simplified legal framework, and low acquisition costs, Georgia offers a transparent and straightforward path to real estate ownership—even for non-residents. This guide outlines how foreigners can legally acquire and register property in Georgia, including key legal steps, practical advice, and important restrictions to be aware of.
Legal Overview
Georgia allows foreign citizens and legal entities to purchase, own, lease, and sell real estate under the same legal conditions as local residents. Foreigners can own residential and commercial property without any restrictions. The only limitation applies to agricultural land, which foreigners are currently prohibited from owning directly, unless acquired through inheritance or by establishing a Georgian legal entity.
There is no requirement for residency or a local bank account to purchase real estate in Georgia, and the process can be completed remotely via a notarized power of attorney.
Step-by-Step Guide to Purchasing Property in Georgia
Step 1: Identify the Property
Foreign buyers can browse properties through Georgian real estate agencies, developer websites, or property marketplaces. Due diligence at this stage includes confirming the property’s legal status, verifying the land registry data, and ensuring that the seller is the legitimate owner.
Tip: Work with a reputable real estate agent or legal consultant experienced in assisting foreign clients.
Step 2: Reserve and Negotiate
Once a suitable property is selected, buyers typically sign a preliminary agreement with the seller, sometimes accompanied by a small deposit (usually 1–5% of the property price). This document outlines the main terms of the deal, including price, payment method, and timeline.
It is advisable to have the agreement reviewed and translated by a lawyer to ensure compliance with local law and alignment with the buyer’s expectations.
Step 3: Sign the Purchase Agreement
The final sale-purchase agreement can be signed either in person at the Public Service Hall (Justice House) or remotely through a power of attorney. Required documents typically include:
- Valid passport of the buyer
- Identification documents of the seller
- Property ownership documents (title extract)
- Certified translation of the buyer’s passport (done in Georgia)
- Notarized power of attorney (if signed abroad)
If the property is purchased in cash (which is common), funds are usually transferred from the buyer’s foreign bank account to the seller’s Georgian account.
Step 4: Register the Ownership
The new ownership must be registered with the National Agency of Public Registry. This can be completed within:
- 1 working day (expedited) – 200 GEL
- 4 working days (standard) – 50 GEL
Once registered, the buyer receives an official title extract confirming ownership.
Step 5: Optional Tax Registration and Usage
While property registration does not automatically require tax registration, owners who intend to rent out their property—especially on a short-term basis—should consider registering as an Individual Entrepreneur (IE) to benefit from Georgia’s low tax rates. Rental income is taxable, and owners may also be required to register for VAT in some circumstances.
Costs Involved
- Real estate agent fee (if used): 1–3% of purchase price
- Legal services: Approx. $300–$800 depending on complexity
- Registration fee: 50–200 GEL depending on service speed
- Translation and notarization: $30–$100 per document
- Property tax: 0–1% annually, depending on use and location
There is no property acquisition tax in Georgia and no stamp duty, making the transaction costs very competitive by international standards.
Restrictions on Agricultural Land
The only significant restriction for foreigners is the prohibition on direct ownership of agricultural land. However, there are legal workarounds:
- Purchase the land through a Georgian-registered company (LLC or IE)
- Convert the land’s designation to “non-agricultural” (with government approval)
- Acquire land via inheritance from a Georgian citizen
Remote Purchase Option
Foreigners who cannot travel to Georgia can still complete the purchase process remotely by granting a notarized power of attorney to a local lawyer or legal representative. The POA must be legalized or apostilled and translated into Georgian.
This allows the legal representative to sign contracts, complete registration, and manage payments on the buyer’s behalf.
Conclusion
Georgia offers one of the most straightforward and foreigner-friendly property acquisition frameworks in the region. With no restrictions on residential and commercial real estate, low transaction costs, and the ability to complete purchases remotely, the country remains highly attractive for international investors, digital nomads, and second-home buyers alike.
As always, working with qualified professionals—such as legal advisors and licensed agents—can help ensure a smooth and secure transaction. With the right guidance, buying property in Georgia can be a fast, transparent, and rewarding investment.
